Relationship between Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Some Immunogenic Markers

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disorder, affecting women 7–10 times more often than men, that develops because of genetic susceptibility, X chromosome inactivation patterns modulated by environmental factors as well as micro biome composition, and leads to an imbalance in self-tolerance mechanisms. The consequential thyroid infiltration by lymphocytes, potentiated by antibody-mediated autoimmune response through the antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO Abs), leads to a destruction of thyrocytes. The presence of TPO Abs is associated with a 2 to 4-fold increase in the risk of recurrent miscarriages and preterm birth in pregnant women. Aim: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the effect of some immunological and hormonal values (T3, T4, TSH and Tpo Abs) on patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Methods: This study has investigated 50 patients with hypothyroidism (50 patients and 25 controls healthy subjects), their ages between (20–60) years. The patients were referred to main facilities, Hospitals in Baghdad Governorate from January March 2025. Results: A total of case studies 75 (50 patients Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and 25 controls healthy subjects), The level of thyroid hormones (TSH = 3.25 ± 0.76, T4 = 11.75 ± 2.05, and T3 = 3.15 ± 0.77) with a significant difference of P- Value = 0.01. while TPO Abs = 39.4 ± 0.85 review significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The data suggests the importance of relying on the initial diagnosis of the Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.