Examination of electric vehicle charging stations and V2G technology

With the rapidly increasing tendency towards electric vehicles in the world with the effect of global warming, the issue of charging the batteries of electric vehicles has gained importance. With the introduction of electric vehicles into our lives, existing networks have become insufficient. In order to meet the energy demanded by electric vehicles, it is possible to increase the grid efficiency by around 20 % by making the existing grid smart without building a new power plant. In this sense, the inclusion of electric vehicles in the smart grid is an important topic. An important element of the goal of transition to smart grids, which is a renewable and clean energy policy all over the world, is electric vehicle charging stations. In this study, a review was made by examining the methods of connecting electric vehicles to the grid. Among these methods, the types and levels of vehicle charging stations that provide one-way transmission are defined. Statistics on usage and infrastructure in the world and in Turkey are shared. In addition, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, another method with bidirectional transmission, is analysed. The importance of this technology is emphasized by sharing data on its development and market share in the world and in Turkey. In the light of this information, suggestions have been made for the development of electric vehicle charging stations and V2G technology in Turkey.