Effects of Diabetes on Cognition and Brain Morphology among Middle‐aged and Older Adults without Dementia from Rural India

This study demonstrates that diabetes is associated with both cognitive impairments in the attention domain alongside grey matter loss in the bilateral cerebellum and right putamen even before the onset of dementia, highlighting the potential adverse impact of diabetes on brain health in rural Indians. Further, worsening glycaemic control among individuals with diabetes was associated with poorer attention. Therefore, early diagnosis and prompt interventions for diabetes could be a scalable and cost-effective strategy to reduce dementia risk in this population.