FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF VITIS VINIFERA L. (ANTEP KARASI) SEED OIL

Objective: This study examined the chemical composition and biological activity of Vitis vinifera L. (Antep Karası) seed oil, focusing on its fatty acid profile, phenolic content, and various antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Material and Method: Seeds of V. vinifera (known as “Antep Karası”) were collected from vines in Gaziantep, Türkiye, and the seed oil was extracted using n-hexane in a Soxhlet apparatus. Chemical composition of the oil was studied using GC-FID/MS after transesterification of fatty acids with BF₃ reagent. Standard spectrophotometric and microbiological tests were used to measure total flavonoids, phenolics, antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibition, and antimicrobial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities. Result and Discussion: V. vinifera (Antep Karası) seeds yielded 8.2% oil. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was 0.074 ± 0.001 mg GAE/gseed oil and 0.023 ± 0.001 mg RE/gseed oil. DPPH radical scavenging (IC₅₀ = 1.423 ± 0.004 mg/ml), β-carotene bleaching inhibition (0.182 ± 0.020 mg/ml), and TEAC value (0.012 µmol trolox/mgseed oil) were determined. The antibacterial evaluation revealed that the MBC values varied from 7500 -15000 µg/ml. Additionally, antifungal activity by MFC was observed with an MFC value of 7500 µg/ml. The antibiofilm assay revealed an inhibition activity in a dose-dependent manner. Even at a concentration of 1875 µg/ml, biofilm inhibition of 50% and above was observed.