Laser Hemorrhoidopexy in Grade II–IV Hemorrhoids: A Retrospective Analysis of 621 Cases in 5 Years

A BSTRACT Aim: A retrospective study aimed to determine the outcomes and postoperative complications of hemorrhoidal disease treated by laser hemorrhoidopexy. Background: The origin of the word “hemorrhoid” is seen in Greek literature as a combination of the words “hema” (blood) and “rhoos” (flowing). The flow of blood from the veins of the anus was named as hemorrhoid by Hippocrates. Methodology: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 621 patients with Grade II–IV hemorrhoids who underwent laser hemorrhoidopexy at a single tertiary center from November 2019 to July 2025. All procedures were performed using a 980 nm/1470 nm bare fiber diode laser, under either spinal or general anesthesia. Postoperative outcomes including pain scores (Visual Analog Scale), healing time, recurrence, quality of life, and complications were recorded. Statistical analysis included Chi-square, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression to evaluate the predictors of recurrence, with significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The majority of the patients resumed normal activity within 3 days, with significant reductions in pain scores over time ( P < 0.00001). Complication and recurrence rates were low, though significantly associated with higher disease grades ( P < 0.00001). Conclusion: Laser hemorrhoidopexy is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive option for treating Grade II–IV hemorrhoids. It offers rapid recovery, low postoperative pain, early return to activity, minimal complications, and preserves anorectal function, making it a strong alternative to conventional surgery across all disease grades.