Responsibility of Sustainable Food Production: A Systematic Analysis of the Nexus of (Organic) Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation

ABSTRACT The loss of biodiversity is a big challenge for the successful functioning of ecosystems, and it is mostly related to the agricultural sector. Thus, conservation of biodiversity is a vital issue, and it is important to explore the main determinants and tools for mitigation of this problem. In this study, the multi‐faceted impact of agriculture on biodiversity is revealed in a systemic manner and using a critical review approach. Furthermore, the role of the transition from conventional to organic agriculture in biodiversity conservation, focusing on potential to mitigate the loss of biodiversity, is presented. The impact of agriculture on biodiversity is analyzed, focusing on three channels: changes in land use, agricultural intensification, and species competition. The knowledge about agricultural impact may generate suggestions on how to mitigate biodiversity loss caused by this sector. As a land‐sharing strategy is important for maintaining biodiversity, organic farming becomes instrumental. Turning to the main channels of agricultural impact, organic farming can mitigate biodiversity loss, particularly considering agricultural intensification. However, the challenge remains on how to increase the yield of organic farming. This study provides important insights for environmental and agricultural policy focused on biodiversity conservation.