A Secure FPGA-Based IoT Gateway for Smart Home Automation Using PUF-Based Authentication

The fast expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has accelerated the advancement of smart home technologies.However, secure communication and access control remain significant challenges.This paper presents a fully implemented FPGA-based IoT gateway that utilizes the Zynq-7000 SoC, integrating sensing, processing, wireless communication, and hardwarelevel authentication.Analog temperature data from an LM35 sensor is digitized via a 12-bit XADC and transmitted over Wi-Fi using an ESP8266-01 module.An SPI-based OLED provides real-time feedback.To ensure device-level trust, an XOR-based Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) enables lightweight challenge-response authentication with over good uniqueness and a latency of under 10 ms.The system demonstrates 0.5 C sensing accuracy, <50 ms transmission delay, and low power consumption.It offers a scalable and secure platform suitable for real-time smart home and facility automation.