Nicotinamide mononucleotide modified CeO2 hydrogels promote diabetic wound healing by managing exudate and reducing inflammation

Managing exudate is crucial for treating chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers, as excess exudate can hinder healing. Traditional dressings often fall short for highly exudative or infected wounds. This study introduces an innovative alginate aerogel with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)-modified Cerium Dioxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs). When absorbing exudate, the aerogel becomes a hydrogel, allowing controlled nanoparticle release at the wound site, preventing excess exudate buildup. The CeO₂ NPs boost NMN's effects by reducing inflammation, encouraging a shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory macrophages, and providing strong antibacterial properties. This approach offers a promising solution for managing highly exudative diabetic foot ulcers, addressing both physical and inflammatory healing barriers.