Bryophytes as functional regulators in petrifying springs: a bibliometric perspective on ecosystem services and heritage value

Petrifying springs are priority habitats where bryophytes sustain travertine formation and key ecological functions. Bibliometric analysis of 124 studies reveals the field’s evolution from taxonomic studies to a multifunctional perspective. We demonstrate that bryophyte diversity underpins ecosystem multifunctionality, including driving calcite deposition, water purification, and habitat stabilization, which solidifies their conservation status. Future research should prioritize bryophyte climate adaptation and their roles in travertine stability and karst restoration.