Tracking White Matter Integrity in WMH Growth and Regression: A Longitudinal Study Using a Validated WMH Imaging Approach

These findings highlight the heterogeneous nature of WM microstructural alterations. The WMH growth/regression pipeline enables a refined assessment of white matter integrity beyond traditional volumetric measures. This approach holds promise as a novel neuroimaging biomarker for cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease, providing valuable insights into white matter damage reversibility and its implications for cognitive decline. Future studies should explore longitudinal FA trajectories to further characterize white matter pathophysiology in aging and neurodegenerative conditions.