Socio-economic utilisation Of Upas Tree (Antiaris toxicaria Lesch):A case study Of Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda

Antiaris toxicaria Lesch (upas tree) is a monoecious and medicinal tree species belonging to the Moraceae family and is known for its medicinal value, plywood, and veneer. The tree has been over-utilized, leading to degradation, over-exploitation, and a decrease in population size. The study aims to assess the socio-economic factors associated with the utilization of Antiaris toxicaria Lesch in Mabira Central Forest Reserve. A cross-sectional research design was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire and participant observation guide from 410 randomly selected households across 10 villages. A total of 10 key informant interviews were also conducted among persons who were knowledgeable persons about the upas tree and Mabira Central Forest service. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square tests) were used for analysis. Results indicate eight primary uses of the tree, with timber (42.1%) and medicinal (23.6%) uses being the most common while firewood (0.9%) and fertilization (2.3%) ranked least. Significant factors influencing utilization of upas trees included residence duration (p=0.001), occupation (p=0.002), and household income (p=0.028). The National Forestry Authority and local government should work hand in hand with local communities to protect Mabira Central Forest Reserve and promote upas tree domestication. The study recommends conservation awareness among communities living in the vicinity and inclusive policies for sustainable use of upas trees.