How digital solutions are transforming food traceability: a systematic literature review of managerial perspectives, advantages and challenges

Purpose The purpose of this study is to systematically examine how digital traceability software is reshaping agri-food supply chains. It aims to uncover the managerial motivations behind their adoption, assess the perceived benefits and challenges and provide a clearer understanding of the strategic role these tools play in enhancing transparency, efficiency and sustainability. Design/methodology/approach This study conducts a systematic literature review to explore the evolution, application and adoption benefits and challenges of traceability software in agri-food systems. Following the PRISMA methodology, 55 peer-reviewed studies published between 1998 and 2024 were analysed. Findings The findings show a shift from early technologies like barcodes and relational databases to more advanced solutions integrating Radio-Frequency Identification, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain. Three main areas of application were identified: integrated supply chain management, internal process automation and logistics optimization. While benefits such as improved transparency and traceability, operational efficiency, quality monitoring, reduced errors and increased consumer confidence are well-recognized, significant barriers persist – including technological, economic and organizational obstacles. Originality/value This study addresses the fragmented and sector-specific nature of existing literature by offering a comprehensive review of traceability software adoption across agri-food supply chains. It explores technological types, roles, adoption drivers and barriers and contextual influences, while highlighting organizational, cultural and strategic dimensions. The findings provide practical guidance for stakeholders and set a foundation for future research on real-world impacts and inclusive digital innovation.