Research on Locking Velocity Constraints and Influencing Factors of Folding Wings Based on Locking Mechanisms

The rapid deployment of folding wings is characterized by high-energy impacts, which require an immediate and effective response from the locking mechanism. This locking process involves complex interactions, such as collisions and rebounds, and the effectiveness of the locking mechanism directly influences the reliability of the folding wing’s performance. However, current research lacks a theoretical exploration of the relationship between the locking mechanism and the locking velocity of folding wings, leading to occasional failures. This study aims to establish a theoretical model that connects the locking mechanism to the locking velocity of folding wings, thereby enhancing locking reliability. By analyzing the relative motion between the folding wing and the locking mechanism, a constraint model for the maximum locking velocity is developed. The study examines the effects of various parameters and the installation position of the locking mechanism on the locking velocity of folding wings. Simulations and prototype experiments validate the model, introducing a novel investigation into the issue of high-velocity rebounds in folding wings, which can cause the locking pin to retract. The study identifies the velocity range for reliable locking of high-velocity folding wings, revealing that both spring preload and the installation position of the locking mechanism significantly affect maximum locking velocity. Based on these findings, design recommendations are proposed to enhance the reliability of high-velocity folding wing locking, providing valuable insights for engineering applications and advancing theoretical research on high-velocity mechanism locking.