Roadmap on nanoscale superconductivity for quantum technologies

Abstract In 2025, the Year of Quantum Science and Technology ( https://quantum2025.org/ ), we celebrate a century of quantum mechanics, witnessing a surge in activities that illuminate its inherent strangeness and drive technological innovation. Superconductivity, discovered 114 years ago, stands as a prime example, offering direct and compelling evidence of macroscopic quantum phenomena. Beyond its ability to conduct immense currents without loss, superconductivity reveals the quantum realm operating on a scale we can directly observe and manipulate. The macroscopic quantum coherence, where an ensemble of particles is described by a single wave function, leads to remarkable consequences: dissipation-less current and flux quantization—the basic properties exploited in superconducting quantum circuit fabrication. This Roadmap has been inspired by intensive discussions and collaborations emerging from the European Cooperation in Science & Technology COST-Action CA21144 (SuperQuMap—Superconducting Nanodevices and Quantum Materials for Coherent Manipulation). The aim of the COST Action SuperQuMap is to establish a strong European network centered on macroscopic quantum behavior in superconductors, bringing together groups of different backgrounds and more than 30 countries. The roadmap outlines the network’s concrete activities, driving advancements in superconductor-based quantum technologies and charting future directions. Spanning fundamental research to practical applications, the roadmap incorporates insights from industry partners developing quantum computation. It begins by exploring quantum materials, highlighting how topology and electronic correlations could catalyze a quantum leap in technology. We then delve into manipulating the superconducting phase, leveraging advancements in magnetism, 3D fabrication, and tunable correlations. Further, we showcase the advanced microscopy techniques—such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning probes—used to visualize quantum behavior. Finally, and crucially, we detail the quantum devices developed within the network, and their transformative impact on modern quantum computing approaches.

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Journal
Superconductor Science and Technology
Published
2025-12-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ae3030
Primary Topic
Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
Type
article
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article

Roadmap on nanoscale superconductivity for quantum technologies

Peter Liljeroth, Isabel Guillamón, Fabrizio Porrati, Thilo Bauch et al.
Superconductor Science and Technology
Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
article

Roadmap on nanoscale superconductivity for quantum technologies

Peter Liljeroth, Isabel Guillamón, Fabrizio Porrati, Thilo Bauch, P. Szabó, Stefano Poletto, J. Custers, A. Zaleski, Tomáš Samuely, Hermann Suderow, José Luis Lado, Armando Galluzzi, Vladimir M. Fomin, M. Polichetti, Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy, Mathias Weiler, Alessandro Bruno, Yonathan Anahory, Nicola Poccia, W. Lang, V. M. Krasnov, Matthias Althammer, Annica M. Black‐Schaffer, Hans Huebl, P. Samuely, S. J. Bending, Benedikt Hampel, Beena Kalisky, D. Koelle, Abdou Hassanien, A. V. Silhanek, J. Aarts, Akashdeep Kamra, N. Barišić, G. N. Kakazeı̆, Floriana Lombardi, Bernd Aichner, Rosa Córdoba, Lan Maria Tran, Mariia Sidorova, J. Sesé, Edwin Herrera, Martin Gmitra, Ali Gencer, A. E. Böhmer, Joris Van de Vondel, Anna Palau, Francesco Tafuri, J W A Robinson, Hugo Jan Dil, Cheryl Feuillet-Palma, Daniela Stornaiuolo, Javier Villegas, Ilya Charaev, Chuan Li, Tristan Cren, Davide Massarotti, Adrian Crisan, Matteo Calandra, Asle Sudbo, Dimitri Roditchev, Vasily Stolyarov, Maria Jose Martinez Perez, Daniil Yevtushynsky
article en

Abstract

Abstract In 2025, the Year of Quantum Science and Technology ( https://quantum2025.org/ ), we celebrate a century of quantum mechanics, witnessing a surge in activities that illuminate its inherent strangeness and drive technological innovation. Superconductivity, discovered 114 years ago, stands as a prime example, offering direct and compelling evidence of macroscopic quantum phenomena. Beyond its ability to conduct immense currents without loss, superconductivity reveals the quantum realm operating on a scale we can directly observe and manipulate. The macroscopic quantum coherence, where an ensemble of particles is described by a single wave function, leads to remarkable consequences: dissipation-less current and flux quantization—the basic properties exploited in superconducting quantum circuit fabrication. This Roadmap has been inspired by intensive discussions and collaborations emerging from the European Cooperation in Science & Technology COST-Action CA21144 (SuperQuMap—Superconducting Nanodevices and Quantum Materials for Coherent Manipulation). The aim of the COST Action SuperQuMap is to establish a strong European network centered on macroscopic quantum behavior in superconductors, bringing together groups of different backgrounds and more than 30 countries. The roadmap outlines the network’s concrete activities, driving advancements in superconductor-based quantum technologies and charting future directions. Spanning fundamental research to practical applications, the roadmap incorporates insights from industry partners developing quantum computation. It begins by exploring quantum materials, highlighting how topology and electronic correlations could catalyze a quantum leap in technology. We then delve into manipulating the superconducting phase, leveraging advancements in magnetism, 3D fabrication, and tunable correlations. Further, we showcase the advanced microscopy techniques—such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning probes—used to visualize quantum behavior. Finally, and crucially, we detail the quantum devices developed within the network, and their transformative impact on modern quantum computing approaches.

Superconductor Science and TechnologyVol. 39(2)
Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities (DE), Goethe University Frankfurt (DE), Leiden University (NL), Uppsala University (SE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), University of Vienna (AT), University of Salerno (IT), Bar-Ilan University (IL), TU Wien (AT), Ankara University (TR), University of Kaiserslautern (DE), University of Liège (BE), Universitat de València (ES), Stockholm University (SE), University of Zagreb (HR), Universidade do Porto (PT), Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL), University of Zurich (CH), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO), University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik (SK), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Charles University (CZ), University of Cambridge (GB), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), Huygens Institute for History and Culture of the Netherlands (NL), Paul Scherrer Institute (CH), Moldova State University (MD), Jožef Stefan Institute (SI), Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE), Sorbonne Université (FR), National Institute of Materials Physics (RO), Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ES), Superconducting and other Innovative Materials and Devices Institute (IT), Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (DE), Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (ES), Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ES), AlbaNova (SE), Institut des NanoSciences de Paris (FR), Thales (France) (FR), Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (DE), Rigetti Computing (United States) (US), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH), University of Bath (GB), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES), Chalmers University of Technology (SE), University of Naples Federico II (IT), Kitware (United States) (US), Ruhr University Bochum (DE), Technische Universität Braunschweig (DE), University of Twente (NL), ESPCI Paris (FR), Aalto University (FI), KU Leuven (BE), Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
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Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
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