Long-Term Trends in the Global Burden of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Sex Differences, Aging Effects, and Future Projections in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

The burden of AMD remains substantial and is projected to grow, particularly among aging populations and in low-resource settings. The persistent sex disparity, especially the elevated burden in elderly women, calls for targeted screening and intervention programs. These findings emphasize the need for equitable, age- and sex-sensitive public health strategies to mitigate the rising impact of AMD in the coming decades.