Design and Study of Twin Band Quad Terminal Reflector Loaded Wearable Radiator With Reduced SAR and High Gain

ABSTRACT This research presents a wearable radiator with dual‐band and quad‐terminal that is compact and made on polyimide substrate. Dual metallic rings integrated with the feed line create the band notch in between 2.66 and 3.28 GHz and convert the wideband into dual band feature. By taking use of spatial and polarization diversity, the separation level among various terminals is more than 25 dB. A single‐negative (SNG) metamaterial‐based metasurface (MS) reflector‐cum‐absorber surface located just below the radiator reduces the specific absorption rate (SAR) for the 1‐ and 10‐g tissue models by more than 90%, while also increasing the radiator gain to 5.65 and 4.55 dBi. ANSYS HFSS 2023 R2 was used for full‐wave simulations, and a Keysight E5071C VNA in both flat and bending configurations was used for experimental validation. Using a three‐layer human tissue phantom (skin, fat, and muscle) with 1‐ and 10‐g averages, SAR assessment was conducted in accordance with IEEE/IEC 62209‐1 and ICNIRP recommendations. Its performance in two frequency bands, 2.3–2.65 and 3.3–3.65 GHz, is confirmed by measurement findings. All these features make the radiator applicable for WBAN application.