Prognostic Prediction Models for Ulcerative Colitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This study demonstrates that prognostic models for UC have some potential in predictive performance and clinical application. However, most models are constrained by high bias risk, insufficient external validation, and limited generalizability due to small sample sizes and subgroup-specific designs. Future research should prioritize multicenter validations, refine model development approaches, and enhance model applicability to support broader clinical implementation.