GPU‐based list‐mode TOF PET image reconstruction with complete correction techniques

In phantom studies, QuanTOF achieved uniformity comparable to commercial systems and resolved 2.4 mm hot rods in Derenzo phantoms, with peak-to-valley ratios of 2.61 (3.2 mm rods) and 1.29 (2.4 mm rods). Scatter correction time was reduced to <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>28.87</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$0.05 \pm 28.87$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> s, two orders of magnitude faster than existing methods. Clinicians rated QuanTOF images significantly higher (average score: 3.90 vs. 2.15 for clinical images) in reader studies. Reconstruction times remained clinically acceptable (e.g., 2.78 s for NEMA phantom scatter correction) CONCLUSIONS: QuanTOF balances accuracy and efficiency through GPU-optimized physics modeling and memory-efficient algorithms. It delivers high-resolution PET images with diagnostic confidence, demonstrating potential for clinical oncology, neurology, and cardiology applications.