An Elymaean Temple Plundered by the Seleucid Kings Antiochus III Megas and Antiochus IV Epiphanes

This article investigates the sacking of an Elymaean temple by the Seleucid kings Antiochus III Megas and Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The study pursues two main objectives: first, to evaluate the possibility that accounts in classical sources present a single event attributed to both monarchs; and second, to highlight the importance of incorporating cuneiform documentation into the research on the Hellenistic East. Discrepancies within the Graeco-Roman sources are analysed to support the argument for two distinct occurrences. Additionally, the article seeks to demonstrate how this hypothesis is further supported by evidence from a Mesopotamian chronicle and a Babylonian astronomical diary, underscoring the necessity of integrating cuneiform sources into Hellenistic studies.