Electrospun Polycaprolactone/Carbon Nanotube Membranes for Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

The development of membranes and patches for controlled drug release to enhance therapeutic efficacy is a promising approach to addressing the challenge posed by poor adherence to pharmacological therapies for chronic diseases. In this study, we designed an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous membrane reinforced with different concentrations (0.04%, 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.2%) of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) intended for biomedical applications, such as transdermal devices. We characterized the resulting composites using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to evaluate their morphology, chemical composition, and mechanical properties. We also measured their cytotoxicity upon contact with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The nanofibers had diameters below 100 nm and inclusions of microspheres, which were attributed to the electrospinning expansion phenomenon. Spectroscopic and mechanical analyses confirmed molecular interactions between the PCL matrix and the f-MWCNTs. Finally, biological tests demonstrated that both the dispersion of f-MWCNTs and the nanofiber sizing render the membranes biocompatible, supporting their potential use as drug-delivery systems.