Xist in X chromosome inactivation: mechanisms and disease relevance
X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) is a main regulator of X chromosome inactivation in mammals, which silences most genes on X chromosome in a cis way. Xist is a kind of lncRNA, which cannot encode the transcript of protein. In addition, Xist RNA mediates the X chromosome inactivation (XCI) process to achieve dose compensation between the sexes. Recent studies have identified that Xist RNA regulates gene expression by recruiting factors/complexes to modify potential chromatin, which were involved in diseases such as neuroinflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancers. In this paper, the research progress of Xist RNA causing a series of diseases in mammalian cells is reviewed, which makes it a potential target for treating human diseases and provides a new direction for further study of diseases.
Authors
- Lixiao Guo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7141-3822)
- Rui Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9444-6913)
- Huaxing Meng
- Baofeng Yu
- X N Wang
- Xiaona Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6479-3562)
- Qi Han (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9418-807X)
- Yuqing Sun
- Li Zhang
- Qie Mu
- Jing Wang
- Jiaojiao Gao
Institutions
- Shanxi Medical University (CN)
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics (CN)
- Shanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (CN)
- Shanxi Provincial Children's Hospital (CN)
- Luliang University (CN)
- Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital (CN)
- Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Cell Communication and Signaling
- Published
- 2025-12-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-025-02534-z
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.82
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province
- Shanxi Medical University