Development of an integrated model for population transport service optimization

The current system of public transport services in regional areas demands a comprehensive approach to address challenges such as optimizing multimodal routes and transfers, improving transport accessibility, and enhancing the operational efficiency of regional and interregional mobility. A systematic framework is essential for organizing transport services, enabling the development of integrated solutions that support a balanced and coordinated passenger transport network. The article presents a model for delivering integrated transport services to the public, combining road and rail systems, with the main goal of reducing overall system expenses. These include organizational transport costs and passenger waiting time costs, subject to constraints on demand satisfaction, vehicle capacity, non-negativity, permissible waiting times, and spatial coverage. The proposed model supports strategic planning of public transport services across all relevant modes and facilitates route optimization, improved modal coordination, cost reduction, and increased operational profitability. The model's application presents an effective solution for modern cities and regions seeking to enhance the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of public transport systems.