Análise do perfil de resistência de microrganismos em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva do Amazonas no período pré-pandêmico e pandêmico de Covid-19.

Background and Objectives: With the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the intense empirical use of antibiotic therapy endorsed selective pressure driving microbial resistance. To understand the profile of ATB resistance in the hospital environment generates support for the rational use of it. This study aimed to analyze the resistance profile of microorganisms in patients admitted to intensive care units of Amazonas before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a quantitative, observational, and retrospective study conducted between 2019 and 2021. Based on the database provided by Dr. Rosemary Costa Pinto Health Surveillance Foundation, it was possible to identify the isolated microorganisms, compare the microbial resistance profile during the research period, and relate it to the main types of mandatory notification infections found in blood cultures and urine cultures. The data were organized in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and subjected to a descriptive analysis according to their epidemiological significance. Results: 26 microorganisms were classified over the three years, with a higher prevalence of carbapenem-resistant and cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria; however, there was a higher incidence of oxacillin-resistant gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: Empirical antimicrobial treatment was used to minimize the high mortality in health services during the coronavirus pandemic, but its approach lacked good clinical reasoning from the professionals of the multidisciplinary team. By avoiding the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, the cost and expenses of unnecessary public and private resources are also avoided, also slowing down the speed of spread of microbial resistance.