Boat-Based livelihoods and the realities of coastal fishing communities in Bangladesh

This research paper investigates the livelihood of fishermen, where boats are essential tools for their existence. This study aims to understand how a boat shapes the livelihood strategies of fishermen in coastal communities and the challenges they face. The study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A total of 122 respondents were covered in the survey process, where 55.10% were boatmen and 34.69% were staff on the boat, and the rest were the stockiest and lenders, and 10 respondents participated in the in-depth interviews, and 2 case studies were conducted. Both the survey and in-depth interview processes covered a wide range of issues, including the livelihood of fishermen, fish production, resource access, and the existence of local communities (Samity). The study explores challenges threatening fishermen’s livelihoods, including economic difficulties, environmental changes, and social issues. Challenges such as limited access to resources, overfishing, climate change, and inconsistent government policies further threaten their livelihood. In addition to these challenges, the boat plays a crucial role in shaping their livelihood, highlighting the importance of boat dynamics, roles on the boat, and evolving strategies related to boat fishing. It also reveals that the use of technology brought an imperative where 92.51% relied on it, and they have the tendency to change their profession to improve their status (20.5%), drop out and change occupation (21.3%), and other justifiable causes. This study uncovers the deep connection between fishermen and their work, particularly the numerous challenges they face. These coastal communities are navigating shifting government policies and require better support and policies.