Bridging science and practice on multi-hazard risk drivers: stakeholder insights from five pilot studies in Europe
Abstract. Effective disaster risk management requires approaches that account for multiple interacting hazards, dynamic vulnerabilities, and institutional complexity. Yet many existing risk assessment methods struggle to reflect how these risks evolve in practice. This paper explores multi-hazard risk dynamics through stakeholder interviews across five European regions (Veneto, Scandinavia, the North Sea, the Danube Region, and the Canary Islands). Stakeholders described how exposure and vulnerability shift over time due to climate change, urban development, and socio-economic dependencies. The interviews highlight governance challenges and the critical role of institutional coordination, as well as synergies and asynergies in DRR measures, where efforts to reduce one risk can unintentionally increase another. By foregrounding real-world experiences across diverse hazard landscapes and sectors, this study offers empirical insights into how multi-hazard risk is perceived and managed. It underscores the need for flexible, context-sensitive strategies that bridge scientific assessment with decision-making on the ground.
Authors
- Nicole van Maanen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2599-0042)
- Philip J. Ward (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-7859)
- Wiebke Jäger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8628-6060)
- Sara García González (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-9787)
- Letizia Monteleone
- Sharon Tatman
- Stefania Gottardo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-6218)
- Tristian Stolte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-9896)
- Karina Reiter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-4287)
- Juan José Díaz-Hernández (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1110-7455)
- Anne Sophie Daloz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-7590)
- Roxana Ciurean (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9660-5025)
- Veronica Casartelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6344-3464)
- David Geurts
- Carmen D. Carmen D. Álvarez-Albelo
- Marleen de Ruiter
- Tamara Febles Arévalo
- Noemi Padrón-Fumero
- Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler
- Jaime Díaz Pacheco
- Silvia Torresan
- Raúl Hernández-Martín
- Yeray Hernández González
- Abel López Diez
- Robert Šakić Trogrlić
- Pedro Dorta Antequera
- David Romero Manrique de Lara
- Lin Ma
Institutions
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (AT)
- British Geological Survey (GB)
- Universidad de La Laguna (ES)
- Deltares (NL)
- CICERO Center for International Climate Research (NO)
- CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (IT)
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Earth System Dynamics
- Published
- 2025-12-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2295-2025
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.20