Electrochemical behavior and anode gas analysis of a planar SOFC via in-situ FTIR

This study conducts an experimental analysis of the electrochemical performance of a planar-type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stack at temperatures of 650 °C, 700 °C, and 750 °C. The SOFC system, intended for principally for stationary applications, was assessed using a hydrogen/nitrogen fuel mixture. A thorough performance evaluation was conducted, encompassing polarization curves, power output, fuel utilization (FU), and area-specific resistance (ASR). Simultaneously, in situ Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the composition of the anode exhaust gases. The findings indicate a significant improvement in power density, efficiency, and fuel conversion as temperature rises, which is linked to enhanced ionic conductivity and faster electrochemical kinetics. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of near-stoichiometric water, aligning with theoretical predictions and validating the electrochemical reaction model. Furthermore, low levels of ammonia were observed at reduced current densities, indicating secondary reactions facilitated by the Ni-based anode. This integrated electrochemical-spectroscopic method offers insights into solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operation under realistic conditions and aids in the advancement of high-efficiency, low-emission energy systems for sustainable maritime applications.