Nitrones: Comprehensive Review on Synthesis and Applications

Nitrones are a significant class of compounds highly useful in organic synthesis; in particular, they are key intermediates for the synthesis of new biologically active nitrogen compounds. The first part of this review aims to provide a structured and concise overview of nitrones, summarizing their synthetic methodologies and highlighting the environmentally friendly approaches. Their fundamental transformations and a thorough explanation of their reactivities are addressed, either in rearrangements to similar compounds or as fragments/intermediates for more complex molecules. Lastly, physicochemical properties, therapeutic potential, and industrial applications are also addressed. This review gives an update on the scientific discoveries in the field of nitrones, focusing on organizing the existing information and highlighting subtle details to enhance chemical comprehension.