Passive cooling through PCM-integrated roofs: A brief overview of selection, implementation, and challenges

Roofs, being the most exposed part of the building envelope to solar radiation, have been a primary target for PCM integration to enhance thermal regulation. This paper presents a brief review of recent advances in roof-integrated phase change materials (PCMs), synthesizing findings from studies published over the last four years. The analysis covers PCM types, integration methods, and key limitations affecting their performance in building applications. Results highlight the strong potential of PCMs to reduce solar heat gain and moderate indoor conditions, while also emphasizing the sensitivity of their efficiency to material properties, encapsulation techniques, and climatic context. This synthesis aims to inform future research directions and support the broader adoption of PCM integrated roofs in sustainable construction practices.