A Comparative Analysis of Academic Performance of Students Across Various Subjects: Insights and Implications for Educational Strategies

Objectives: This research study will compare and contrast the performance of students in high school in STEM and humanities disciplines to determine the performance differences and what could be the cause. Methods: A total of 100 Grade 11 students were selected using stratified random sampling. Academic records were analyzed using a cross-sectional quantitative design. Mean scores and subject-specific proficiency in Mathematics, Physics, English Literature, and History were compared using ANOVA and descriptive statistics. Findings: Significant performance differences were observed across disciplines (p < 0.05). Students demonstrated higher achievement in English Literature (mean = 82.4, SD = 7.1) and History (mean = 79.6, SD = 6.4), whereas lower mean scores were recorded in Mathematics (mean = 68.2, SD = 8.5) and Physics (mean = 65.7, SD = 9.1). Novelty: This study explores a uniquely integrated, cross-disciplinary performance analysis that not only quantifies subject-specific achievement gaps but also translates these metrics into precise, evidence-aligned pedagogical strategies. By directly mapping performance patterns onto actionable curriculum enhancements, the research study offers an innovative framework for data-driven educational reform. Keywords: Academic Performance, Comparative Analysis, STEM Education, Humanities, Educational Strategies, Differentiated Instruction