Assessment of hydrodynamic impacts on a vessel when encountering an abnormal wave

Current data indicate that abnormal waves of great steepness and height are quite common in the World Ocean. The assessment showed that the probability of a vessel encountering such waves can be quite high. The impact of abnormal waves on sea vessels poses a significant danger to them, since the possibility of a vessel encountering them is not taken into account when de-signing. This article considers two scenarios of a vessel’s interaction with an abnormal wave. In the first case, the vessel first hits its trough and then buries into the top (the vessel passes through a “hole” in the sea), while in the second case, it is the other way around. The vessel dynamics are modeled using the mathematical apparatus developed by the author, including a modified system of equations for the vessel’s longitudinal roll, which allows taking into account the vessel’s be-havior in burrowing conditions. The case of the appearance of one wave of abnormal height, which stands out sharply against the background of the surrounding waves, is considered. The value of hydrodynamic impacts on the bow end during interaction with an abnormal wave is es-timated. The efficiency of the new bow end design developed by the author is analyzed. It is shown that during interaction with an abnormal wave, this technical solution allows to signifi-cantly reduce the value of hydrodynamic load and increase the safety of the vessel.