Biological condition of soil and productivity of a link grain-plowing crop rotation under application of agro-biotechnologies

The research was conducted to study the impact of agro-biotechnology on crop productivity in the link of grain-plowing crop rotation: corn (for green fodder) – lupine – barley. The work was carried out in 2022-2024 on typical chernozem of Kursk region. Microbiological preparations (MBP) based on the soil fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum and on the consortium of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Azotobacter, Bacillus, which were inoculated seeds, soil, crops and by-products, were used on variants with the use of agro-biotechnology. Experiment variants: control (conventional technology); chopped by-products (BP) of the crop; BP + 10 kg d.w. N per 1 t of BP (N); BP + lime 1,5 t/ha; BP + IBP (agrobiotechnology-1); BP + IBP + N (agrobiotechnology-2); BP + IBP + lime I,5 t/ha (agrobiotechnology-3). Field experiments were conducted according to the methodology of the State Variety Testing Center. Depending on heat and moisture availability, cellulose decomposition increases 2-4 times with the application of microbiological preparations compared to the control. The most effective is the variant of joint application of biopreparations with mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The use of straw residues as an organic fertilizer without inoculants leads to the appearance of a stable phytotoxic effect. At constant application of crop residues from the second year in the grain-slash crop rotation link there is a decrease in crop productivity. Productivity of a link of grain-plowing crop rotation has a close direct relationship with soil toxicity (R²=0,62). The application of agro-biotechnology significantly increases the productivity of the crop rotation link. The maximum increase in productivity up to 3.1 thousand grain units/ha in relation to the conventional technology gave agro-biotechnology-1.