Sphenocentrum Jollyanum: Pharmacological Insights Into a Neglected African Medicinal Plant

Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre (Menispermaceae) is a West African medicinal plant used traditionally for various ailments, including malaria, diabetes, and reproductive disorders. Despite its ethnobotanical significance, comprehensive scientific validation of its pharmacological properties remains limited. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the plant’s ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities, integrating traditional knowledge with modern scientific insights to guide future research. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, covering publications up to April 2025. Search terms included "Sphenocentrum jollyanum", "ethnobotanical use", "pharmacological effects", and related keywords. Relevant articles were screened, and data on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities were extracted. S. jollyanum is a rich source of diverse phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins, which contribute to its various pharmacological activities. Scientific studies support its traditional uses, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and aphrodisiac effects. Specifically, extracts and isolated compounds have shown promising activity in in vitro and in vivo models. However, significant gaps remain regarding its toxicological profile, mechanisms of action, and pharmacokinetic properties. S. jollyanum holds considerable therapeutic potential, supported by its ethnobotanical uses and promising pharmacological activities. Further research is essential to elucidate its mechanisms of action, assess its safety and toxicity, and explore its clinical applications.