Enhancing sustainable landscaping in Algeria: A strategic approach to climate adaptation

This paper investigates landscape sustainability in Algeria and provides strategic recommendations to enhance resilience. The research followed a three-step process. First, a systematic review of global literature on sustainable landscapes identified the best practices suitable for local adaptation. Second, landscape sustainability in Algeria was assessed through scenario analysis using Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5), accounting for population growth, carbon emissions, and climate change. The third and key step was the development of an original City Information Modeling (CIM) framework that integrates environmental, social, and economic factors to guide sustainable landscape design. CIM was further evaluated through a SWOT analysis, demonstrating its potential as a comprehensive tool for resilient, adaptive landscape planning. This study emphasizes that CIM provides practical guidance for policymakers and planners as well as theoretical support for future research. By enabling forecasting of climate impacts, evaluating actionable strategies, and optimizing resource use, CIM promotes long-term sustainability and transforms concepts of landscape sustainability into context-sensitive, adaptive solutions across Algeria?s diverse landscapes.