FORMATION OF ALTERNATIVE FAMILY INSTITUTIONS FOR CHILDREN DEPRIVED OF PARENTAL CARE

The main purpose of this article is to examine the formation of alternative family institutions for children deprived of parental care, to strengthen their social protection mechanisms, and to create conditions for socialization within a family-like environment. The study focuses on the social significance of orphanages, foster care, and adoption services, as well as the activities of governmental and non-governmental organizations in this area. The relevance of the research is explained by the fact that ensuring the welfare and rights of children has become one of the key priorities of contemporary social policy. Methodology. The study employs systematic and comparative analysis methods, reviewing both international and national experiences in child protection. Based on the analysis of legal and normative documents, social policy strategies, and existing institutional structures, the dynamics of the development of alternative family institutions in Azerbaijan have been identified. Statistical and conceptual data presented in academic literature and official sources were analyzed to systematize the main factors influencing children’s social adaptation. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that alternative family institutions–such as foster care, guardianship, and adoption mechanisms–are evaluated within the framework of an integrated social welfare system. For the first time, the author has examined the implementation experience of these institutions in Azerbaijan comprehensively from a social service perspective, identifying strategic directions for modernizing orphanages and fostering the upbringing of children in family-type environments. The article also emphasizes the role of public solidarity, religious organizations, and charitable institutions in ensuring the social security of orphans and children deprived of parental care. The author presents scientifically grounded recommendations such as the establishment of SOS Children’s Villages in the liberated territories, the strengthening of professional training, and the expansion of public awareness through media initiatives.