Diagnostic Imaging Tools: Advances and Applications in OMFS, OMR, and Orthodontics

Abstract Recent advancements in diagnostic imaging have revolutionized clinical decision-making across oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), oral medicine and radiology (OMR), and orthodontics. This review synthesizes emerging technologies—including Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasonography, and AI-enhanced imaging platforms—and evaluates their impact on precision diagnostics, treatment planning, and surgical navigation. In OMFS, image-guided surgery and 3D modeling have enhanced anatomical visualization and operative accuracy, particularly in orthognathic and oncologic procedures. OMR has seen a paradigm shift with the integration of molecular imaging and digital workflows, improving early detection of pathologies. Orthodontics benefits from 3D cephalometric analysis, intraoral scanning, and dynamic occlusal mapping, enabling personalized treatment strategies. The article also addresses ethical considerations, radiation safety, and the need for interdisciplinary training to optimize the clinical utility of these tools. Future directions include AI-driven diagnostics, real-time imaging integration, and expanded accessibility in resource-limited settings.