A comprehensive review of environmental factors in carcinogenesis

Environmental cancer includes cancers brought on by or impacted by exposures to pollution, work-related risks, and lifestyle choices. This review summarizes the most recent data relating different cancer types to environmental factors such radiation, pesticides, heavy metals, air pollutants, and industrial toxins. We look at the biological processes that underlie carcinogenesis, such as oxidative stress, DNA damage, and epigenetic changes. Additionally, the review discusses the disparities in cancer incidence due to geographical and socio-economic factors, emphasizing the global burden of environmentally induced cancers. To reduce environmental dangers and enhance public health outcomes, preventive measures, legislative measures, and future research avenues are described. This thorough review emphasizes the necessity of interdisciplinary approaches to address the intricate relationship between environmental factors and the development of cancer.