Peri-Implantitis and Prosthetic failures: Prevention, Diagnosis and Management Strategies in Prosthodontics

Abstract Peri-implantitis, an inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants, has become a growing concern in modern implant dentistry due to its increasing prevalence and complex etiology. The management of this condition presents significant clinical challenges, stemming from limitations in early diagnosis, variability in disease progression, and the lack of universally accepted treatment protocols. In recent years, considerable advancements have been made in both non-surgical and surgical treatment modalities. Innovations such as laser therapy, air-abrasive devices, photodynamic therapy, and the use of novel biomaterials in regenerative procedures have shown promise in improving clinical outcomes. Additionally, emerging diagnostic techniques involving molecular biomarkers and advanced imaging are contributing to earlier and more accurate detection of disease activity. Despite these developments, managing peri-implantitis remains difficult due to the multifactorial nature of the disease, patient-related risk factors, and inconsistent success rates of treatment methods. Long-term stability is often elusive, and recurrence is not uncommon. This narrative review discusses the current strategies, recent innovations, and persisting obstacles in the management of peri-implantitis, highlighting the need for continued research and the development of standardized, evidence-based clinical protocols.