Digital Health Solutions for Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: Systematic Review of Engagement Barriers, Facilitators, and Outcomes

This review offers novel insights by synthesizing engagement barriers and facilitators across AI and non-AI intervention domains, often neglected in previous studies. It highlights the necessity for testing adaptive, culturally tailored, and user-centered AI interventions to address engagement challenges in T2DM and prediabetes management. Integrating personalization, precision, and value-based care can improve outcomes and scalability. The findings guide the creation of inclusive, AI-driven solutions aligned with self-determination theory and user-centered design principles.