Closed-loop recyclable, biodegradable, shape-reconfigurable, water-weldable cotton-derived bioplastic

This work presents a bioplastic derived from cotton <i>via</i> selective TEMPO-mediated oxidation. It exhibits closed-loop recyclability, biodegradation, water-assisted shape reconfigurability and water-weldability. These integrated features offer a sustainable path for plastic management and enable customizable designs under mild conditions without adhesives, making it a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastics.