Regional Leadership through International Institutions: Türkiye and the Organization of Turkic States amid Geopolitical Upheavals

The protracted wars in Ukraine and Gaza, unfolding amidst the inaction of the international community, are shaking the foundations of the existing international order based on established norms, while ushering in an era of unstable multipolarity.Consequently, the role and credibility of global cooperative frameworks have weakened, and states are pursuing foreign policy strategies driven by geopolitical calculations in which national interests and regionalism take precedence.Within this complex geopolitical crisis, Trkiye has sought to consolidate its position and expand its influence by endeavoring to establish a platform over which it can exercise leadership and ensure credibility, which was the Organization of Turkic States (OTS).This paper aims to investigate why, how, and through what mechanisms Trkiye seeks to utilize the OTS in the current geopolitical transformation.To substantiate the theoretical background, the study first draws on realist theory to examine how regional powers conceptualize the attributes and functions of international organizations, and how they employ such institutions as strategic and institutional instruments to maximize national interests and consolidate influence.Subsequently, the paper reviews the developmental trajectory of the OTS, alongside Trkiye's efforts in shaping this process, and assessing the consequent shifts in Trkiye's strategy after the 'Two Wars.' Building on this foundation, the analysis explores how the outcomes of Trkiye's strategic calculations and diplomatic initiatives have been manifested and what significance they hold.As a conclusion, the paper outlines the outlook and challenges of the OTS, evaluates Trkiye's potential responses, and considers the theoretical and policy implications it may offer.