Common Peroneal Nerve Entrapment Neuropathy Involving a Vein-Case Report

Compression neuropathy of the common peroneal nerve commonly occurs around the fibular head, typically caused by fibrous bands or muscle fascia. We report a unique case of a 54-year-old woman with common peroneal nerve entrapment caused by a vein. She suffered from a 6-year history of numbness and weakness in the left lower leg. Conservative treatments were ineffective, and we performed surgical treatment. Surgical neurolysis revealed a vein penetrating and compressing the common peroneal nerve; the common peroneal nerve was decompressed by coagulation and transection. The patient's symptoms resolved after the surgery. Surgeons should be aware of venous structures as potential causes of common peroneal nerve entrapment.