Interdependencies of Factors Affecting Smooth Relationships of Main Contractor–Subcontractor in the Construction of High-Rise Buildings

This study explored the complex relationships between factors influencing the main contractor–subcontractor relationship, addressing the gap in previous research on the reciprocal interactions between these factors. A comprehensive literature review identified 31 factors, refined with input from high-rise construction experts. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, the relative importance of these factors was assessed, while the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée à un Classement (MICMAC) methods illustrated their interdependencies. AHP findings revealed that main contractor-related factors dominated, with the top 15 factors accounting for 75% of the total weight. The most critical factor was the absence of a formal contract, followed by assigning work to new subcontractors and poor subcontractor selection. The ISM model categorized these factors into different levels, with poor subcontractor selection identified as the root cause influencing other issues like work delays and financial strain. ISM-MICMAC analysis further validated these findings, classifying factors into four clusters based on their driving and dependence power. Poor subcontractor selection was the only factor placed in the driving cluster. These findings highlight the importance of improving subcontractor selection practices as a strategy to mitigate risks and enhance project outcomes. The quadrant analysis further refines these insights, categorizing factors based on their importance and influence to guide management strategies. By applying targeted management strategies to the factors identified in the study, stakeholders can mitigate conflicts and ensure smoother project execution.