Molecular phylogenetics and morphological diversification in the genus Gagea (Liliaceae)

The genus Gagea exhibits high morphological diversity and complex taxonomy. In this study, we analyzed the phylogenetic relationships and morphological differentiation within Gagea using ITS sequences from 32 species across 9 sections. Bayesian analysis revealed 3 main clades, partially congruent with morphological traits. Our results highlight both the value of molecular data for species delimitation and the need for taxonomic revision due to cases of morphological convergence and incongruence. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of evolutionary patterns in Gagea.