Analysis of Changes in Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase and Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase Levels in Methanol Model Mice Given Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

Background: Methanol poisoning remains a significant health concern, especially in Indonesia, where adulterated alcoholic beverages are commonly mixed with methanol to reduce costs, leading to frequent cases of poisoning and death. In the liver, methanol is metabolized into toxic compounds which induce hepatocellular damage, reflected by elevated serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proposed as an adjunctive treatment to improve oxygenation and reduce oxidative stress in methanol-induced hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of HBOT on SGOT and SGPT levels in a methanol-induced liver injury rat model. Methods: An experimental study was conducted using male Wistar rats, divided into three groups: group 1 (control, no methanol or HBOT), Group 2 (methanol administration for 14 days without HBOT), and Group 3 (methanol administration for 14 days followed by 10 days of HBOT). The levels of SGOT and SGPT were measured, and the results’ data were analyzed statistically. Results: The mean SGOT levels were highest in Group 2 (176.64 U/L) compared to Group 1 (165.15 U/L) and significantly reduced in Group 3 (122.80 U/L). Similarly, SGPT levels increased in Group 2 (70.87 U/L) compared to Group 1 (54.95 U/L) and were reduced in Group 3 (55.21 U/L). Statistical analysis showed significant intergroup differences for both SGOT ( P = 0.001) and SGPT ( P = 0.015). Conclusions: Administration of HBOT effectively reduced liver enzyme elevations in methanol-intoxicated rats, suggesting that HBOT could represent a promising adjunctive therapy for methanol poisoning. Further clinical validation is required.