Influence of Triphala on Root Dentin Microhardness: An in Vitro Study

Abstract This study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of different concentrations of Triphala (3%, 5%, and 10%) on the microhardness of root canal dentin. Forty-five freshly extracted non-carious mandibular first premolars were selected and divided into five groups (n=9 per group). Triphala solutions (3%, 5%, and 10%) were prepared using Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. 17% EDTA and normal saline were used as controls. Teeth were decoronated, sectioned vertically, and mounted in acrylic resin. Samples were immersed in their respective solutions for 15 minutes and stored in distilled water until testing. Dentin microhardness was assessed using the Vickers hardness test. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. All tested solutions reduced dentin microhardness compared to controls. Among the groups, 17% EDTA caused a significant reduction in microhardness (P < 0.05). Triphala concentrations (3%, 5%, 10%) demonstrated a similar but statistically insignificant reduction in dentin microhardness, with mean values close to normal saline. The 3% Triphala solution exhibited the least effect on microhardness among the tested concentrations. To conclude Triphala, particularly at 3% concentration, has minimal impact on dentin microhardness compared to EDTA, making it a potential alternative irrigant for root canal treatment. Its antimicrobial properties, combined with low toxicity and biocompatibility, support its use. Further studies are recommended to evaluate its long-term effects, biocompatibility, staining potential, and substantivity before clinical application.