Potential of Commercial Crops in Livelihood Sustainability in Mizoram, Eastern Extension of the Himalaya

Practicing traditional agriculture is the main occupation and major livelihood option in Mizoram. However, the arable land is limited, and the production and productivity of crops remain nominal. This study examines the potential of commercial crops for livelihood sustainability in Mizoram, the eastern extension of the Himalaya. The study is empirical, and a case study of 16 villages in Mizoram was conducted, surveying 1,527 households. A structured questionnaire was developed, and heads of households were interviewed about commercial crops, their cultivation area, production, role in livelihood sustainability, and economic viability. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation techniques. The findings reveal that commercial crops not only have high economic viability but also significant environmental benefits. Although the area under commercial crops is limited, their production and productivity are notably high. These crops also show substantial potential for improving the livelihoods of the rural poor. Given Mizoram's ecological fragility and vulnerability to natural hazards, commercial crops, particularly fruits and plantation crops, have the capacity to contribute to environmental conservation.