Fire disaster preparedness and risk management in critical energy infrastructure: A comprehensive assessment at Sei Gelam GEPP, Indonesia

Gas Engine Power Plants (GEPPs) are critical energy infrastructure, but their operation, involving combustible gases and high-voltage equipment, creates inherent fire hazards. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of fire disaster preparedness and risk management at the Sei Gelam GEPP, Jambi, Indonesia. Addressing a gap in location-specific industrial emergency readiness, this research uniquely integrates three assessment dimensions: Building Safety Reliability Value (BSRV), detailed fire management protocols, and worker preparedness. Employing a semi-qualitative approach with field observations, interviews, and questionnaires, the study provides a holistic safety ecosystem evaluation. Results indicate high readiness levels: the overall BSRV scored 96.34% (“Good”). Fire management units (role officers, firefighting teams, and coordinators) were also rated “Good” (scores of 100, 93, and 86, respectively). Furthermore, worker preparedness achieved a “Very Prepared” index value of 86. Despite these strengths, the analysis highlights specific areas for enhancement, including improving smoke exhaust systems, continuous competency development for fire control unit coordinators, and conducting more complex, realistic fire simulations. This research validates the facility's robust compliance while providing actionable, evidence-based recommendations for sustaining and enhancing emergency readiness in critical energy infrastructure.