Infiltrative Endometriosis Clinically Mimicking Ovarian Malignancy: Diagnostic Utility of Intraoperative Frozen Section

Endometriosis is a benign gynecological condition that commonly affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue, predominantly within the pelvic cavity. Ovarian endometriosis usually presents as an endometrioma with typical clinical and radiological features. However, atypical presentations such as varied symptoms, elevated tumor markers, and inconclusive imaging often complicate the differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian masses. This poses significant diagnostic challenges, which can be addressed with the use of intraoperative frozen sections. We hereby report a case of infiltrative endometriosis that presented with clinical features, radiological findings, and elevated serum tumor markers suggestive of ovarian malignancy.