The influence of social capital and disaster meeting participation on landslide early warnings: Case study in Kulon Progo, Indonesia

Landslides are a frequent disaster in Indonesia, particularly in highland areas such as Kulon Progo Regency, where effective early warning systems (EWS) are essential to reducing disaster risk. This study investigates how social capital and participation in disaster preparedness meetings influence household responses to the awas status the highest warning level in landslide early warning systems. Using a quantitative approach with data from 300 households in six landslide-prone villages in Samigaluh Sub-district, the analysis applies multiple linear regression to assess the role of social, demographic, experiential, and institutional factors. Results show that social capital (β = 0.09, p < 0.01) and disaster meeting participation (β = 0.92, p < 0.01) significantly improve community response. Official alerts from BPBD and knowledge of hazard zones also strongly influence behavior, while direct disaster experience may reduce responsiveness due to trauma. The model explains 32% of the variation in household response (R² = 0.32). These findings highlight the importance of strengthening social networks, institutional communication, and community engagement to enhance disaster preparedness in vulnerable regions. Policy recommendations include expanding access to participatory disaster education and ensuring timely, credible official warnings to build trust and resilience.