From Omics to Artificial Intelligence: Revolutionizing Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Management

Background: Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents a formidable challenge in critical care, marked by significant mortality and long-term morbidity among survivors. This study comprehensively reviewed the current advances in omics technologies, AI, and novel therapeutic approaches in sepsis-induced ARDS management. Methods: The current literature on multi-omics approaches, advanced imaging modalities, biomarker development, and AI applications in sepsis-induced ARDS underwent investigation. Results: Recent advances in high-throughput omics technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenetics) have the enabled detailed dissection of the molecular and cellular pathways underlying sepsis-induced ARDS. These approaches have facilitated the discovery of key biomarkers in blood, urine, and exhaled breath condensate, offering promise for earlier diagnosis, precise risk stratification, and targeted intervention. Concurrently, developments in advanced imaging modalities (e.g., HRCT, MRI, and PET) have enhanced the visualization of pulmonary injury, improved disease monitoring, and informed therapeutic decision-making. Novel therapeutic modalities (i.e., nanoparticle-based drug delivery, lung-targeted and anti-inflammatory therapies, microbiome modulation, and extracorporeal life support) are expanding the therapeutic armamentarium. Furthermore, the integration of AI and ML into critical care workflows is transforming sepsis-induced ARDS management, enabling sophisticated predictive modeling, real-time clinical decision support, and the harnessing of big data analytics for precision medicine. Conclusion: The synergy between omics technologies, advanced imaging, and AI is catalyzing a paradigm shift toward personalized medicine in sepsis-induced ARDS, with the potential to improve survival rates and long-term outcomes. Overall, these interdisciplinary innovations are reshaping the landscape of sepsis-induced ARDS by enabling more nuanced patient phenotyping, individualized therapy, and dynamic monitoring.